artificial

/,ɑ:ti'fiʃəl/

Thân thiện

An artificial flower sits in a vase on the windowsill.

Definition

1. Adjective:
   • Not natural; made or produced by human beings rather than occurring naturally: Refers to something created through human skill or effort, often to imitate or replace a natural counterpart.
   • Lacking in natural quality; contrived or insincere: Describes behavior, emotions, or expressions that seem forced, false, or not genuine.

Examples of Usage

• Referring to objects or substances:
  • The museum displayed beautiful artificial flowers made of silk.
  • Many diet drinks contain artificial sweeteners like aspartame.
• Referring to behavior or qualities:
  • His smile seemed artificial and did not reach his eyes.
  • The dialogue in the play felt artificial and unnatural.

Advanced Usage

• "Artificial intelligence (AI)": The theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks normally requiring human intelligence.
  • Advances in artificial intelligence are transforming many industries.
• "Artificial respiration": The act of forcing air into and out of the lungs of a person who has stopped breathing.
  • The lifeguard administered artificial respiration to the drowning victim.

Variants and Related Words

• Artificially (adverb): In a way that is not natural or genuine.
  • The room was artificially lit by fluorescent bulbs.
• Artificiality (noun): The quality of being artificial.
  • The artificiality of the plastic plants was obvious.

Synonyms

• Synthetic: (Especially of a substance) made by chemical synthesis, especially to imitate a natural product.
• Man-made: Made or caused by human beings (as opposed to occurring or being made naturally).
• False: Not according with truth or fact; incorrect. Also, not genuine; imitating something else.
• Contrived: Deliberately created rather than arising naturally or spontaneously.

Antonyms

• Natural: Existing in or derived from nature; not made or caused by humankind.
• Genuine: Truly what something is said to be; authentic.
• Real: Actually existing as a thing or occurring in fact; not imagined or supposed.

Related Phrases and Idioms

• Artificial barrier: A human-made obstacle or restriction.
  • High costs can be an artificial barrier to entering the market.
• Artificial horizon: An instrument in an aircraft that shows the aircraft's attitude relative to the horizon.
  • The pilot relied on the artificial horizon during the storm.

Học thuật

Adjective

1. not arising from natural growth or characterized by vital processes
2. artificially formal
   • that artificial humility that her husband hated
   • contrived coyness
   • a stilted letter of acknowledgment
   • when people try to correct their speech they develop a stilted pronunciation
3. contrived by art rather than nature
   • artificial flowers
   • artificial flavoring
   • an artificial diamond
   • artificial fibers
   • artificial sweeteners

Từ đồng nghĩa

• contrived
• hokey
• stilted
• unreal