exergonic
Definition
- Adjective:
- (Biochemistry) Of a process accompanied by the release of energy: Describes a chemical reaction or metabolic process where the products have less free energy than the reactants, resulting in a net release of energy, often in the form of heat, light, or work. This energy can be used to drive other processes.
Usage Examples
- Adjective:
- Cellular respiration is an exergonic process that provides energy for the cell.
- The hydrolysis of ATP to ADP is a classic exergonic reaction.
- In an exergonic reaction, the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) is negative.
Advanced Usage
- "Exergonic process": A standard term in biochemistry and thermodynamics to describe any spontaneous process that releases free energy.
- The combustion of fuel is an exergonic process that powers engines.
- "Exergonic reaction": Often used interchangeably with "exergonic process" but specifically refers to a chemical transformation.
- An exergonic reaction can be coupled to an endergonic one to make it proceed.
Variants and Related Words
- Exergonically (adv): In an exergonic manner.
- The reaction proceeds exergonically.
- Endergonic (adj): The opposite term, describing a process that requires an input of energy (ΔG is positive).
Synonyms
- Energy-releasing: A more general, descriptive synonym.
- Spontaneous (in thermodynamics): Often used for exergonic reactions under specific conditions, though "spontaneous" has a broader meaning.
Related Phrases
- Exergonic pathway: A sequence of biochemical reactions that overall release energy.
- Glycolysis is the first exergonic pathway in cellular respiration.
- Exergonic step: A single step within a larger process that releases energy.
- The conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate is a highly exergonic step.
Related Concepts
- Gibbs Free Energy (G): The thermodynamic potential used to predict the direction of chemical processes. An exergonic process has a negative change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG < 0).
- Coupled Reactions: The linking of an exergonic reaction to an endergonic reaction to provide the necessary energy for the non-spontaneous one to occur.
Adjective
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(biochemistry) of a process accompanied by the release of energy
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diffusion is an exergonic process
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