centrifugal

/sen'trifjugel/
Học thuật
Thân thiện
Definition
  1. Adjective:
    • Moving or tending to move away from a center: Describes a force or motion that acts outward from the center of rotation.
    • Transmitting nerve impulses away from a central point: In physiology, describes nerves that carry signals from the central nervous system to the muscles or organs.
    • Promoting decentralization: Describing a tendency for systems, power, or authority to disperse away from a central point.
Usage Examples
  • Physics Context:
    • The centrifugal force pushes objects outward as they rotate.
    • A centrifugal pump uses a rotating impeller to move fluid.
  • Physiology Context:
    • Motor neurons are centrifugal, carrying commands from the brain to the limbs.
  • Social/Political Context:
    • The centrifugal pressures within the federation threatened to pull it apart.
Advanced Usage
  • "Centrifugal stress": Pressure or strain that pulls a system apart from its center.
    • The empire collapsed under strong centrifugal stresses from its provinces.
  • "Centrifugal separation": A process, like in a centrifuge, that uses rapid rotation to separate substances of different densities.
    • Centrifugal separation is used to clarify honey.
Variants and Related Words
  • Centrifuge (n): A machine that uses centrifugal force to separate substances.
    • The lab technician placed the samples in the centrifuge.
  • Centrifugally (adv): In a centrifugal manner.
    • The particles were thrown centrifugally outward.
Synonyms
  • Outward-moving: Moving away from the center.
  • Efferent: (Technical, for nerves) Conducting outward from a central organ or point.
  • Decentralizing: Causing a shift of control or power away from a central authority.
Antonyms
  • Centripetal: Moving or tending to move toward a center.
  • Afferent: (For nerves) Conducting inward toward a central organ or point.
  • Centralizing: Concentrating control or power in a central authority.
Related Phrases/Concepts
  • Centrifugal force: The apparent force that draws a rotating body away from the center of rotation.
    • Centrifugal force is what keeps the water in the bucket when you swing it overhead.
  • Centrifugal governor: A device that regulates machine speed using rotating weights.
    • James Watt's centrifugal governor was crucial for steam engine control.
Adjective
  1. conveying information to the muscles from the CNS
    • motor nerves
  2. tending away from centralization, as of authority
    • the division of Europe into warring blocs produces ever-increasing centrifugal stress
  3. tending to move away from a center
    • centrifugal force

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