hubris

/'hju:bris/

Thân thiện

A king's hubris leads him to ignore his wise advisor's warning.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • Excessive pride or self-confidence; arrogance: A personality trait of extreme or foolish pride, often leading to a downfall due to a lack of humility and an overestimation of one's own abilities or importance.
   • Presumption towards the gods: In classical Greek tragedy, "hubris" often refers to a defiance of the gods or the natural order, which inevitably leads to nemesis (retribution).

Usage and Examples

• Noun:
  • The CEO's hubris led him to ignore the warnings of his advisors, resulting in the company's collapse.
  • In the myth, the hero's hubris in believing he could outsmart the gods was his tragic flaw.
  • The general's hubris on the battlefield turned a potential victory into a devastating defeat.

Advanced Usage and Nuances

• Literary and Dramatic Context: "Hubris" is a key term in literary analysis, particularly for tragic heroes whose excessive pride causes their misfortune.
  • The play is a classic study of hubris and its consequences.
• Modern Psychological/Professional Context: Used to describe overconfidence in fields like business, politics, or science.
  • The project failed due to the technical team's hubris in dismissing basic safety protocols.

Variants and Related Words

• Hubristic (adjective): Characterized by hubris.
  • His hubristic attitude alienated his colleagues.

Synonyms

• Arrogance: An offensive display of superiority or self-importance.
• Conceit: Excessive pride in oneself.
• Overconfidence: Unwarranted confidence in one's own abilities.
• Presumption: Behavior perceived as arrogant or disrespectful.

Antonyms

• Humility: A modest view of one's own importance.
• Modesty: The quality of being unassuming in the estimation of one's abilities.

Related Idioms and Concepts

• "Pride comes before a fall": This common proverb encapsulates the core idea of hubris—that excessive pride often leads to failure or disaster.
• "Tragic flaw" (Hamartia): In literature, hubris is frequently the tragic flaw that leads to the hero's downfall.

Học thuật

Noun

1. overbearing pride or presumption