radical

/'rædikəl/
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radical

The dandelion plant has several radical leaves growing in a circle directly from the base of the stem at the soil line.

Definition

  1. Adjective:

    • Fundamental, relating to the root or origin: Describing something that is of, relating to, or proceeding from a root or source; affecting the fundamental nature of something.
    • Favoring or effecting extreme or revolutionary changes: Describing political or social views or actions that advocate for thorough or complete political or social reform.
    • Very different from the usual or traditional; extreme: Markedly new, innovative, or departing from the norm.
    • Botany: Arising from the root or base of a stem: Used especially to describe leaves located at the base of a plant.
    • Linguistics: Of or being a root: Pertaining to the root form of a word.

  2. Noun:

    • A person who advocates thorough or complete political or social reform: An individual with radical ideas or opinions.
    • A root of a number or quantity: In mathematics, a quantity expressed as the root of another quantity; also the sign (√) indicating this root.
    • Chemistry: An atom or group of atoms with at least one unpaired electron: A free radical, which is typically highly reactive.
    • Linguistics: The base form of a word: The part of a word remaining after all affixes are removed.
    • A fundamental or basic principle.
Examples of Usage

  • Adjective:

    • The company needs radical restructuring to survive. (Fundamental change)
    • Her radical proposals shocked the conservative committee. (Extreme, revolutionary)
    • The plant has a cluster of radical leaves at its base. (Botanical)
    • 'Run' is the radical verb form for 'running' and 'runner'. (Linguistic)

  • Noun:

    • He was considered a radical for his views on wealth redistribution. (Person with extreme views)
    • The square root is the most common radical in basic math. (Mathematical root)
    • Free radicals can cause damage to cells in the body. (Chemical entity)
    • The radical 'struct-' gives us words like 'structure' and 'construct'. (Linguistic root)
Advanced Usage

  • "Radical chic": The fashionable affectation of radical left-wing political views, typically by wealthy or famous people.

    • The celebrity's support for the cause was dismissed as mere radical chic.

  • "Radical skepticism": In philosophy, a position of extreme doubt questioning the possibility of certain knowledge.

    • His radical skepticism led him to question even the most basic assumptions.
Variants and Related Words

  • Radicalism (n): The beliefs or practices of radicals; the quality of being radical.

    • The period was characterized by political radicalism.

  • Radicalize (v): To cause (someone) to become radical, especially in politics.

    • The experience served to radicalize his political views.

  • Radically (adv): In a radical manner; fundamentally, completely.

    • The new model is radically different from the old one.
Synonyms
  • Adjective: Fundamental, basic, profound, revolutionary, extreme, thoroughgoing.
  • Noun: Extremist, revolutionary, reformer; root, base.
Antonyms
  • Adjective: Superficial, minor, moderate, conservative, traditional.
  • Noun: Moderate, conservative; (in math) power, exponent.
Related Phrases

  • Radical departure: A complete and fundamental change from what existed before.

    • The new policy represents a radical departure from tradition.

  • Radical reform: A thorough and complete reform of a system.

    • The activists demanded radical reform of the tax code.
radical

The dandelion plant has several radical leaves growing in a circle directly from the base of the stem at the soil line.

Adjective
  1. especially of leaves; located at the base of a plant or stem; especially arising directly from the root or rootstock or a root-like stem
    • basal placentation
    • radical leaves
  2. of or relating to or constituting a linguistic root
    • a radical verb form
  3. arising from or going to the root or source
    • a radical flaw in the plan
  4. markedly new or introducing radical change
    • a revolutionary discovery
    • radical political views
  5. (used of opinions and actions) far beyond the norm
    • extremist political views
    • radical opinions on education
    • an ultra conservative
Noun
  1. (linguistics) the form of a word after all affixes are removed
    • thematic vowels are part of the stem
  2. a character conveying the lexical meaning of a logogram
  3. (mathematics) a quantity expressed as the root of another quantity
  4. a person who has radical ideas or opinions
  5. an atom or group of atoms with at least one unpaired electron; in the body it is usually an oxygen molecule that has lost an electron and will stabilize itself by stealing an electron from a nearby molecule
    • in the body free radicals are high-energy particles that ricochet wildly and damage cells
  6. (chemistry) two or more atoms bound together as a single unit and forming part of a molecule

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