irreligious

/,iri'lidʤəs/

Thân thiện

An irreligious scholar studies ancient philosophy in a quiet library.

Definition

1. Adjective:
   • Hostile or indifferent to religion: Describes a person, attitude, or action that shows opposition to, a lack of interest in, or a disregard for religious beliefs, practices, or institutions. It does not necessarily mean actively opposing all religion, but can also indicate a simple absence of religious feeling or observance.

Usage

• The word "irreligious" is used to describe people, behaviors, or viewpoints that are not religious. It is more formal than terms like "non-religious" and often carries a stronger connotation of rejection or indifference rather than mere absence.
• It typically modifies nouns like , , , , or .

Examples

• Adjective:
  • His irreligious comments offended some members of the community. (This shows a hostile or disrespectful attitude.)
  • She was not atheistic, but simply irreligious, showing no interest in spiritual matters. (This shows indifference or absence of religious feeling.)
  • The book examines the rise of an irreligious population in modern cities. (This describes a group characterized by a lack of religion.)

Advanced Usage

• Philosophical/Historical Context: The term can be used in discussions about secularism, philosophy, or historical trends where religious influence declines.
  • The Enlightenment promoted irreligious thinking among many intellectuals.
• Nuance: "Irreligious" can sometimes imply a criticism from a religious perspective, suggesting a moral or cultural lack. The neutral alternative is often "non-religious" or "secular."

Variants and Related Words

• Irreligiously (adverb): In an irreligious manner.
  • He spoke irreligiously about the sacred ceremony.
• Irreligiousness (noun): The state or quality of being irreligious.
  • The irreligiousness of his lifestyle was noted by his family.

Synonyms

• Non-religious: Neutral term for not being religious.
• Secular: Not connected with religious or spiritual matters (often used for institutions or society).
• Godless: Lacking a belief in God, often with a negative connotation.
• Ungodly: Wicked or immoral; sometimes used to mean not religious.

Antonyms

• Religious: Devoted to religion.
• Pious: Deeply religious and reverent.
• Devout: Having or showing deep religious feeling or commitment.
• Faithful: Loyal, especially to a religious faith.

Related Phrases

• Indifference to religion: A phrase describing the core meaning of one aspect of "irreligious."
• Hostility toward faith: A phrase describing the stronger, oppositional aspect of "irreligious."

Học thuật

Adjective

1. hostile or indifferent to religion